The prevalence of Iron deficiency anaemia among infantsand young children living in developing countries is high.Because of its' chemical properties namely its' oxidativepotential-Iron functions in several in biological systems thatare crucial to health. Iron, which is not eliminated from thebody, can also cause harm through oxidative stress,interference with absorption and metabolism of othernutrients and suppression of critical enzyme activities.Various trials of preventive oral Iron supplementation inyoung children (Birth to 59 months) living in developingcountries had done to ascertain the health benefits and risks.

Iron is essential for all tissues in a young Childs' developing body. It is present in the brain from very early in life when it participates in the neural myelination process. Other role that would affect the growth and immune function has been postulated.